Spain

Even before the Spaniards arrived on the Philippine islands, there was a distinctive civilization with which neighbors from mainland China, Thailand, the islands of Java and Borneo traded. Initially, trade was dominated by commodity exchange, which later gave way to settlements in cowrie shells. Somewhere in the 9th-12th centuries in the Philippines, when calculating, they began to use "piloncytos" - small gold balls with a nadchekan weighing up to 3 grams, as well as gold "barter rings."

In 1852, a monetary reform was carried out in the Kingdom of Spain with the transition to the decimal system: 1 real=10 decimo=100 centimo. This ended the seven-century era of circulation of "maravedi" - the monetary unit of Spain and Portugal since the XII century. At that time, Queen Isabella II, an imperious and ambitious ruler, was on the Spanish throne. As in other countries of the world during this period, the liberal movement is gaining strength in Spain. Spanish moderates and progressives set as their goal to change the existing political system in the state.

We continue to get acquainted with coins issued during the Second World War.