In this section you can get acquainted with the coins of European countries. As always, coin reviews are accompanied by small historical references and illustrations of coins mainly from their own collection. In exceptional cases, when mentioning infrequent and rare coins in the review, if I want to acquaint you with them, I will take photos from the Internet, which I will definitely warn you about. Gold coins will not be included in my reviews. The vast majority of European states are countries with centuries of history. Coin reviews for such states cover significant periods of time and are therefore divided into several subsections corresponding to a certain period, for example, switching to the decimal system, the rule of a certain monarch, gaining independence, etc. For young states formed in the middle of the XIX, or even at the beginning of the XX century, reviews of all coins, from the moment of their formation until 1945 , will be contained mainly in one, undivided article. All articles are constantly edited, material from new receipts is added to them, possible inaccuracies are eliminated.