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Before the outbreak of World War I, the German economy began to feel the effects of the population's panic hoarding of metallic currency. First, gold 10 and 20 markov coins began to disappear from the market, then silver coins, and finally there was a shortage of small copper, nickel and iron money. The solution to this situation was to be the launch of private issues of various types of vouchers to facilitate mutual settlements between people. In 1914, the first vouchers (notgelds) appeared, usually containing only the denomination, a stamp and a signature, or possibly the name of the town, on a piece of paper.
Over time, however, their production reached the technical level of normal banknotes - but generally they were to be distinguished by, for example, smaller size, shape, or the material used (colored paper, textile material, cardboard, etc.). Tens of thousands of such banknotes are known and catalogued. In addition to the vouchers, substitute coins were minted in parallel, made of iron, zinc, aluminum, brass, copper, nickel, cardboard, often with very strange shapes - oval, square, wavy, octagonal, with holes cut out, etc. It sometimes happened that graphically attractive issues ended up in the hands of collectors immediately after their release.
In the 1920s, one of the unusual materials for the production of coins was
porcelain. Not for the first time - see Chinese and Siamese porcelain coins.
porcelain coins, despite sometimes large expenditures, did not circulate in
normal monetary circulation - but were eagerly collected by the population.
Thanks to the adventurous alchemist Johann Friedrich Böttger in 1709, the
Chinese monopoly on porcelain production was broken in the workshop of Walter
von Tschirnhaus.
COMPANIES PRODUCING PORCELAIN AND CLAY COINS:
1. Staatliche porcelain Manufactory Meissen
2. Meissner Ofen- and porcelain factory (C.Teichert)
3. j.w. filia w Bitterfeld
4. Bunzlauer ceramic workshops Reinhold & Co.
5. Deutsche diameter & Steinwerzeuge A.G. in Charlottenburg
6. Brickworks III w Elmschenhagen
7. Freiberger porcelain factory
8. Töpferzentrale in Höhr (Westerwald)
9. Wächtersbacher Steingutfabrik w Schlierbach
10. Krister porcelain Manufactory AG in Waldenburg
11. porcelain factory in Ludwigsburg
12. porcelain factory in Stadt Lengsfeld
13. porcelain factory Pfeffer in Gotha
14. Majolika- Werke in Gaildorf